There is a growing list of complex challenges facing Indigenous people in undertaking their role in in caring for Country. Often, Indigenous voices are left out when responding to these challenges and there is a need to bring Indigenous voices and perspectives to the forefront in leading the response. Indigenous women rangers play a critical role in this. I will talk about two challenges which have concerning impacts for Country and people. These are the dangerous strain of bird flu, called H5N1, and zoonotic diseases, that can be passed from animals to people.

The H5N1 bird flu is the most pressing challenge and, although it is not yet in Australia, it is certain that it will arrive, and it may arrive at any time. Bird flu will have potentially devastating effects on totems, culturally significant species, bush tucker and food security, and there will be flow-on effects to Country, culture and people. Indigenous community led approaches for bird flu across Australia need targeted support as a very high priority.

The second challenge is not new but has received little attention. Our knowledge of how zoonotic diseases impact Indigenous people is limited. More Indigenous-led research is needed to fill the knowledge gaps. More support is also needed for Indigenous-led approaches to address zoonotic disease risks to people, wildlife and the environment. Indigenous researchers have recommended looking closely at the role of pets and feral animals can play in causing skin infections and gastrointestinal diseases in young or sick people, which in turn can be a risk factor for more serious health issues.

Wildlife Health Australia is a national network focused on wildlife health issues, including the H5N1 strain of bird flu, and zoonotic diseases. Our work considers the connections between the health of animals, people and the environment. Because of this, we share concerns about the impacts of both H5N1 and zoonotic diseases on Indigenous people and communities. We are here to learn more about different local community priorities and to support the elevation of Indigenous voices and perspectives in the management of for wildlife health. We would welcome the opportunity to start developing respectful right-way partnerships with Indigenous Women Rangers, towards improved health outcomes for Country and people.